ALT TO OPEN VASCULAR SURGERY

Part 1 Control of risk factors: diabetes; therapeutic approach to lipid disorders; smoking and vascular disease; management of hypertension; molecular biology of vascular disease. Part 2 Medical management: pharmacologic options in treatment of peripheral vascular disease; exercise in peripheral vascular disease; control of infection with vascular disease; diabetic foot lesions - pathogenesis and management; footcare for the dyvascular foot - modifications and foot orthoses. Part 3 Interventional diagnostic technology: peripheral vascular imaging - radiographic approaches; vascular sonography and magnetic resonance imaging; non-invasive evaluation of lower-extremity arterial disease; angioscopy. Part 4 Interventional therapeutic technology: atherectomy - a review of current devices and methods; angioplasty - balloon; angioplasty and laser angioplasty - technical details and clinical applications; endovascular stents; thrombolytic therapy for arterial and graft thrombosis; sclerotherapy - non-operative treatment of venous disease; minimally invasive approach to intravascular grafting.